Research

What are the differences between print and digital media?

Both types of media have their advantages and disadvantages. 

Print media is the more traditional layout for media. Some advantages would be that you have it in a physical form and there is a standard format that companies can follow to ensure consumers will buy into their brand. Another advantage would be that print media, such as magazines, have a subscription scheme and people buy into that monthly physical delivery more than they do to online subscriptions. Print media is an easy medium to spread awareness or advertise to any particular geographical area. Like, a local newspaper is the best way to spread the news about any local event of the place. However, print media has it's disadvantages. For example, even though print media has a standard format that could be easy to follow, print publishers do not always break the rules so print can become very repetitive. Another disadvantage would be the waste of material and the expenses spent on printing. 

Digital media's advantages would be that you essentially have unlimited space as you don't have to worry about the cost of printing several pages in colour ink, essentially meaning you can be a lot more creative and push the boundaries a lot more with digital media. Another advantage would be the use of sound and video to add to the consumers experience. Another advantage would be that digital media is modern and up to date and would reach more audiences globally and would be easier to carry over to other countries. Some disadvantages would that digital media can not be taken seriously and would be hard to make money from a people don't feel the need to pay a monthly subscription when they don't receive a physical reward. Another disadvantage would be it is very hard to control advertising on digital media, whereas, in print media, you know exactly which advertiser you sold space to. 

Researching Magazines:

About graphic design:

I chose to focus on graphic design as my profession. 'Graphic design is the process of visual communication and problem-solving through the use of typography, photography and illustration.' 

Vogue: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)

'Vogue is a fashion and lifestyle magazine covering many topics including fashion, beauty, culture, living, and runway. Vogue began as a weekly newspaper in 1892 in the United States, before becoming a monthly publication years later. The British edition of Vogue is also owned by Condé Nast.'

Condé Nast: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cond%C3%A9_Nast

'Condé Nast Inc. is an American mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast, a New York City-born publisher, who launched his magazine empire in 1909 with the purchase of Vogue, which was first created in 1892 as a New York weekly journal of society and fashion news. At first, Nast published the magazine under Vogue Company and did not incorporate Condé Nast until 1923. ‘Condé Montrose Nast purchased Vogue in 1905 one year before Turnure's death and gradually grew the publication. He changed it to a unisex magazine and started Vogue overseas in the 1910s.' Condé Nast is owned by Advanced Publications which owns a lot television company's, meaning that Vogue can then be advertised on TV.'

Anna Wintour: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Wintour

'Dame Anna Wintour DBE is a British-American journalist and editor. She has been editor-in-chief of Vogue since 1988, and has been artistic director for Condé Nast, Vogue's publisher, since 2013. With her trademark bob haircut and dark sunglasses, Wintour has become an important figure in much of the fashion world, widely praised for her eye for fashion trends and her support for younger designers.'

Postmodernism:

'A late 20th-century style and concept in the arts, architecture, and criticism, which represents a departure from modernism and is characterized by the self-conscious use of earlier styles and conventions, a mixing of different artistic styles and media, and a general distrust of theories.'

Becoming more globalised, more increasing global products. E.g. vogue was only sold in USA and UK but is now sold worldwide, technology has also helped increase this development.

We look at the world differently and in a more globalised light. As now we can see that magazine are published worldwide and are adapted to suit different people’s needs, i.e., different languages.  

Fragmented world. For example, Cosmopolitan publish different magazines for different countries. Their work varies from country to country so they can target a wider, multi-cultured and fragmented audience. When you analyse these magazines, you can see the multicultural makeup behind their thought processes as the main goal is always to reach as wide an audience as you possibly can.

When producing my magazine, a consideration of postmodernism and the ideas of globalisation and fragmentation can be applied to my products.  

About Cipe Pineles: 

I chose to focus on the graphic designer Cipe Pineles, who was mainly famous for her work in Vogue, Seventeen and Charm magazines in the 30's. I mainly discovered that Pineles was known for her classic designs and worked closely with Seventeen, Charm and Vogue. She was also mainly known for her cookbook which she produced and published in the later years of her life. She ensured that the magazine still kept to her style, whilst pushing boundaries and escaping the expected comfort zone she had working within for years.

Cipe Pineles was born 23^rd June 1908 and died 3^rd January 1991. She was an Austrian graphic designer who made her career in New York working for magazines such as Charm, Seventeen, Vogue and Mademoiselle. She was one of the first female art directors of her time and was one of the first to bring fine art into mainstream media.

Pineles’ career was close to 60 years long. She started her career at just 23 years old after struggling for years to enter the design industry with sexism being a big issue worldwide. She worked there from 1931-1933 She soon became the art director for Glamour, publication directed at young women; this is where her style as a playful modernist developed through various uses of image and type.

'Pineles repeatedly broke the glass ceiling in the design field. She was the first female member of the Art Director's Club of New York in 1943 after being nominated for 10 years and was the first woman inducted into its Hall of Fame. In 1943, Pineles became the first female member of the Art Directors Club.'